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Our roadmap

Making a Lasting Commitment to New Horizons

Last Updated On 05 August 2025

Our world is facing major technological, health and environmental challenges. Although they are diverse in nature, they all share one thing in common: their great complexity, which combines scientific and social dimensions. It is the job of engineers to build bridges between science and society, using science to take concrete action in society. To address the complexity of these challenges, engineers have a voice to speak with and solutions to propose.

Our world is facing major technological, health, and environmental challenges. Although they are diverse in nature, they share a common trait: their great complexity, which blends scientific and social dimensions. It is the role of engineers to bridge the gap between science and society, drawing on the former to take concrete action within the latter. To address the complexity of these challenges, engineers can utilise their voices and propose solutions.

Engineers Must Take Part in Public Debate and Exercise Their Role as Citizen-Engineers

Our world is facing major technological, health, and environmental challenges. Although they are diverse in nature, they all share one thing in common: their great complexity, which combines scientific and social dimensions.

It is the role of engineers to bridge the gap between science and society, using science to take concrete action in society. Their role is crucial in addressing the complexity of these challenges by proposing solutions that are ambitious, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable. Engineers have a voice to be heard, yet they are all too rarely heard in public debate.

Higher education and research are major levers in the transition to a sustainable society. In recent years, our students’ awareness of climate issues has become very high, as shown by their growing participation in the dedicated training modules that we have set up over the last ten years. Their massive and unprecedented involvement encourages us to think even more deeply about our contribution to this transition.

A leading engineering school such as ours remains fundamentally attached to the notion of progress developed in the Age of Enlightenment. We believe that advances in science should enable humanity to gradually take control of its own destiny, provided it makes good use of them. We are aware that we have a special role to play in this respect, not only by contributing through our research to the advancement of knowledge, but above all by educating young engineers to make the best use of it. We are firmly committed to this.

The Ecological Transition is the Major Challenge Facing the Aerospace Industry

The history of aeronautics and space is that of a pioneering industry that has fulfilled one of mankind’s oldest dreams. Crossing the Atlantic in an aeroplane or sending a human being to the Moon: over the last century, aerospace engineers have repeatedly shown that they are capable of doing what many thought was impossible. They can help to do the same for the challenge of ecological transition.

They have already made a major contribution to the diagnosis of the situation; it was thanks to balloons and aeroplanes that the science of the atmosphere was first developed. More recently, it was thanks to the observation satellites put into orbit over the last few decades that it has been possible, for the first time in human history, to measure the state of the atmosphere and the oceans over the entire surface of the globe. Without this, it would have been impossible to understand the phenomena and validate the scientific models of global warming. Now they have to work hard to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero, starting in their own field, which is not the easiest.

In barely 100 years, aeronautical engineers have invented, made safe, and democratised air transportation. We are no longer surprised by this, but isn’t it extraordinary that today it is faster, more comfortable, safer, and cheaper to take the plane than the car or the train, when you want to cover distances of more than 1,000 kilometres? The energy efficiency of air transportation has made equally impressive progress. But that’s not enough. Having invented, made safe, and democratised air transportation, we now need to decarbonise it. This is a new issue, a new challenge, just as ambitious as the previous ones—we need to invent new aircraft, using all the technological resources and creativity of our engineers.

The technological avenues have been identified: energy sources, materials, structures, aerodynamics, engines, etc. There is a considerable amount of work to be done to bring all these technologies to maturity and bring them up to the level of reliability and safety required for air transportation. This is the role of the new generation of engineers who will have to invent new, low-carbon aircraft that are as reliable and competitive as ever, based on the latest scientific advances—a fabulous challenge for decades to come.

ISAE-SUPAERO is Making a Long-Term Commitment Today

The education model of France’s leading engineering schools combines high scientific standards, a broad multidisciplinary approach, and a commitment to business and society. Our students are destined to become key players in the ecological transition.
The pioneering spirit and potential for innovation that are in the DNA of aeronautical engineers, and in particular those at ISAE-SUPAERO, encourage us to go even further.

Over the past year, we have mobilised a number of working groups, students, teaching and research staff, industrial partners, and governing bodies to examine in greater depth and reformulate our strategic commitment to sustainable development. Together, we have faced this formidable challenge, and we are convinced that it also represents a tremendous opportunity for our students. We are convinced that it is possible to transform the aerospace sector over the coming decades to make it a major component of a sustainable society. Space will play an increasingly important role in monitoring the state of our planet, and air transportation can be decarbonised so that it can continue to meet the long-distance transportation needs of future generations without impacting the climate.

We have a duty to commit to this without further delay:

to play our role within the aerospace sector, by assuming our responsibility to prepare for the future and anticipate the necessary transformations;
to meet the expectations of our current and future students and employees; and
to remain true to our history and our motto ‘Excellence with Passion’, by educating engineers who will be at the forefront of the transformation of the aerospace sector.

We have therefore made a commitment to mobilise our teaching skills and scientific expertise to help build the aeronautical and space components of a sustainable society, and in particular to invent the low-carbon air transportation of the future. We are implementing this commitment through a renewed sustainable development strategy: HORIZONS.

The aim of this approach is threefold:

to make the Institute a committed player in the sustainability of aeronautical mobility and the space sector by educating the engineers and managers who will take up this challenge, and by directing our research and innovation activities in this direction;
to give our future graduates the keys to contributing to the public debate on energy transition and a sustainable society, based on a scientific approach and their ability to master complex systems; and
to continue to reduce the carbon footprint of our activities and our campus.

Since 1909, ISAE-SUPAERO has been training systems engineers with a global approach who, through their excellence, contribute to the emergence of solutions and are capable of solving major problems and making a positive commitment to the future of society. We educate critical thinkers who are aware of changes in the world and of the fact that science and technology are at the heart of major societal issues.

The aeronautics industry is constantly changing. It needs to rethink, transform, and reinvent itself. It will need new visions as well as different and emerging skills. At ISAE-SUPAERO, we have a role to play in this adventure by preparing our graduates to transform and reinvent the aerospace sector of the future and to become involved in major pioneering projects as they have done since the beginning of the 20^th century, and by contributing to research in this area.

The deployment of this strategy should also be an opportunity to unite our community around an ambitious collective project that is vital for the future. Together, we can make a lasting commitment to new horizons!

Together, we're making a lasting commitment to new horizons!

Marie-Hélène Baroux President of ISAE-SUPAERO

In the face of global warming, everyone is called upon to make a contribution; now is not the time for denial. Higher education and research are major levers in the transition to a sustainable society. In recent years, our students have become increasingly aware of environmental issues, as evidenced by their participation and interest in dedicated courses and projects.

Deepening Our Thinking on Transitions

The massive and unprecedented mobilisation of our students has encouraged us to go further in our reflections on our Institute’s contribution to the transition towards a sustainable society. Over the course of 2021, several working groups including students, faculty, industrial partners, and governing bodies have been mobilised to deepen and reformulate our strategic commitment to sustainable development. Our commitment can be summarised as follows:

To ensure that ISAE-SUPAERO plays its role within the aerospace sector by assuming our responsibility to prepare for the future and anticipate the necessary transformations.
To meet the expectations of our current and future students, and those of our employees.
To remain true to our history and our motto ‘Excellence with Passion’ by educating engineers who will be at the forefront of the transformation of the aerospace sector.

Our Commitment: ‘Horizons’

We are committed to mobilising our teaching skills and scientific expertise to help build the aerospace components of a sustainable society, and in particular to invent the low-carbon air transportation of tomorrow.

Our commitment is set out in a renewed sustainable development strategy called ‘Horizons.’

Our Three Objectives

To make the Institute a committed player in the sustainability of aeronautical mobility and the space sector by educating the engineers and managers who will take up this challenge and by directing our research and innovation activities in this direction.

To give future graduates the keys to contributing to the public debate on energy transition and a sustainable society, based on a scientific approach and their ability to master complex systems.

To continue to reduce the carbon footprint of our activities and our campus.

Deploying our strategy is also an opportunity to unite a community around an ambitious collective project that is vital for the future.

Marie-Hélène Baroux President of ISAE-SUPAERO

Our Strong Commitments

Since 2021, our Institute has been committed to reducing its environmental impact in the following areas:

Campus management.
Integrating the decarbonisation of aviation into teaching and research.

Numerous actions have been identified and some have been carried out or are underway.

Our roadmap is linked to three objectives in our Contract of Objectives and Performance, to be achieved by 2026.

>50%

of research projects aimed at decarbonisation or linked to the transition to sustainable aerospace

3,000+ ECTS

awarded related to sustainable development

<8,000

tCO2e emitted per year

Our 'Horizons' Roadmap

Coming soon.

Understanding the Issues via our Aviation and Climate Reference Framework

Last Updated On 03 September 2025

A Reference Report

These questions have prompted ISAE-SUPAERO to write a reference report. The aim of our work is not to take sides or to answer the various questions raised, as the answers depend largely on societal choices and techno-economic developments that are impossible to predict with any certainty.

On the other hand, the aim of our report is to provide everyone, from our position as scientists, with the information they need to form informed opinions on these issues, as objectively as possible. As a knock-on effect, we also hope that this report will stimulate debate and help to shape a collective position on the crucial issues of aviation and climate.

The Key Messages of Our ‘Aviation and Climate’ Guidelines

Aviation and Climate Issues

The purpose of our ‘Aviation and Climate’ reference guide is to provide scientific elements that are useful for understanding aviation and climate issues. This work has been subjected to a specific review process, involving both ISAE-SUPAERO staff and external researchers from various institutes.

The 5 Key Messages From Our Report

The Climate Impact of Aviation: Estimates That Depend on the Scope of the Study

Aviation contributes to global warming through its CO2 emissions and a number of non-CO2 effects such as condensation trails. The assessment of the impact of the aviation sector can be limited to CO2 emissions alone, or it can consider all the effects together. In the first case, commercial aviation was responsible for 2.6% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions in 2018. If we consider all the effects (CO2 and non-CO2), commercial aviation accounted for 5.1% of the climate impact over the period 2000-2018.

Non-CO2 Effects: Promising Strategies

Specific strategies to reduce non-CO2 effects represent a major lever for limiting the climate impact of aviation. Because of the short lifetime of non-CO2 effects, these strategies can be effective quickly. Even if more research is needed to reduce uncertainties, these strategies could be deployed in the short term. Nevertheless, these measures cannot replace efforts to reduce the sector's CO2 emissions.

CO2 Effects: Technological Opportunities Limited in the Short Term

By 2050, disruptive solutions will make it possible to envisage a low-carbon aircraft. In the shorter term, the only mature levers for reducing CO2 emissions within the timeframe set by the climate emergency are incremental improvements in aircraft efficiency and the use of biofuels. However, incremental improvements are on the verge of reaching their technological limits, while the constraints of energy availability, production capacity, and competition over uses are likely to limit the availability of biofuels.

A Necessary Trade-Off Between Traffic Levels and the Share of the Global Carbon Budget Allocated to the Aviation Sector

Apart from technological and operational levers, the level of traffic and the share of the global carbon budget allocated to aviation are the two parameters that determine the sustainability of a trajectory for the aviation sector. Their value must be set by political decisions. The limits on the aviation sector's ability to rapidly reduce its CO2 emissions imply that, if traffic grows at the rate envisaged by the aviation industry, it will consume a larger share of the carbon budget than its current share of emissions, thus requiring other sectors of activity to reduce their emissions faster than the average.

Uncertainties Over Energy Availability

The decarbonisation of aviation fuels could be limited by the availability of low-carbon energy resources. Their massive use could then lead to a displacement of environmental problems, particularly related to land use. Generally speaking, it is necessary to consider the transition of the aviation sector in a systemic way within the framework of planetary limits.

Consult Our "Aviation and Climate" Guidelines

Living a Low-carbon Campus

Last Updated On 03 September 2025

Why a Low-Carbon Strategy?

A Global Observation

The increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs), particularly CO2, in the atmosphere has already led to global warming of more than 1.1°C compared with the pre-industrial era, and could reach +6 to +7°C by the end of the century—by way of comparison, the last ice age was only 4 to 5°C colder than the pre-industrial era.

The consequences of this sudden rise in temperature are threatening the development of our societies. To reduce global warming and its impact as much as possible, it is therefore imperative that we limit our greenhouse gas emissions as quickly as possible.

With this in mind, the French government has adopted a strategy (SNBC) and has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels, with the aim of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. At the international level, the Paris Agreement, signed by 195 countries in 2015, aims to keep global warming “well below 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels and to continue action to limit the rise in temperatures to 1.5°C.” These two agreements mean that we must reduce our GHG emissions by 5 to 10% per year (depending on the scenarios and assumptions) from now on.

A Regulatory Obligation

Public institutions are legally required to publish their GHG emissions report every three years. In other words, they must measure the GHG emissions generated by all their activities.

Our Response: An Annual Carbon Report

Aware of this global situation, we have not waited for the regulatory obligation of 2023 to carry out our GHG assessment, from 2019, in order to quantify all of our high-emission activities and identify the various levers for reducing them. At ISAE-SUPAERO, we have gone even further, as part of our “Horizons” plan, by calculating and publishing our GHG emissions balance every year.

Our carbon assessment was carried out over a wide area, including international mobility (students and staff). We have identified six priority areas:

purchasing,
mobility,
energy,
food,
digital,
fixed assets.

Since 2019, we have been carrying out an annual carbon footprint and calculating the quantities of greenhouse gases emitted by all our activities, according to 6 categories:

purchasing,
travel,
energy,
fixed assets,
refrigeration production,
waste.

This allows us to monitor our emissions as closely as possible and to direct our actions to limit them.

Our Results

Our work is bearing fruit and our actions are moving in the right direction, since thanks to numerous efforts, our institute's emissions have been falling since 2019. In 2023, ISAE-SUPAERO emitted 8,925 tCO2e. This is equivalent to driving around the world 1,160 times. This is the average annual carbon footprint of 990 French people. Our target for 2023 was to emit less than 9,200 tCO2e, so we've achieved our goal!

Marie-Hélène Baroux President of ISAE-SUPAERO

Our Purchases

4,910 tCO2e | 55%

The emissions linked to our purchases are mainly due to the extraction of raw materials, the energy spent on manufacturing and transportation.

This item includes all the data for which we do not have quantitative information and for which we therefore use monetary data. In other words, we translate euros spent directly into quantities of CO2e emitted. This method is not very reliable. This item also includes meals. In 2023, 175,000 meals were consumed, emitting 476 kgCO2e.

Our Commitments to Reduce This Item

Systematically ask suppliers to provide an assessment of the GHG emissions associated with their offers.
Rely as much as possible (and always more) on physical data rather than monetary data to obtain more reliable data.
Within each purchasing segment, identify purchases with a high GHG impact, propose actions to reduce this impact and implement them in our purchasing action plan.

Where We Travel

1,665 tCO2e | 19%

All our journeys count and have a major impact on the school’s overall carbon footprint: commuting, business travel, and student travel (home, work experience, etc.).

Our Commitments to Reduce This Impact

Encourage the use of alternative modes of transportation: cycling, carpooling, public transportation, train.
Encourage videoconferencing.
Organise an inter-departmental competition / CO2e emissions per person.
Restrict work placements to Europe.

Our Energy

930 tCO2e | 10%

Around 60% of our energy emissions are linked to heat consumption, around 38% to electricity consumption for servers, IT equipment, scientific equipment, lighting, etc., and 2% to gas consumption by the restaurant.

Between 2019 and 2023, our emissions from heating will fall from 1.6 tCO2e to 0.33 tCO2e. This is due to the fact that we are switching from gas boilers to the district heating network and to the use of waste heat. Since 2022, our school has been connected to the Plaine Campus heating network. This network takes advantage of the heat generated by waste incineration at the Mirail waste recovery plant and by the Espace Clément Ader supercomputer.

Our Commitments to Reduce This Impact

Renovation work: insulation, technical management of the building, relamping, introduction of a system to monitor consumption, heat recovery from the refrigeration units.
Setting up an energy-saving working group to consider and make proposals on:
- modernisation of the campus (generalisation of automated management of heating, lighting and IT equipment),
- the organisation of working hours and use of premises (distribution of days when the campus is closed, impact of teleworking, use of the most energy-intensive equipment (wind tunnels)),
- empowering teams that consume energy by decentralising the “fluids” budget.

The Impact of Transportation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Transportation currently accounts for almost 30% of France’s greenhouse gas emissions. According to INSEE and SDES, journeys between home and work alone account for almost 17.4 million tonnes of carbon equivalent emitted each year, or around 13% of transportation-related emissions (excluding international air and sea transportation). Of these emissions, 98% are caused by cars.

Our Mobility Diagnostic

At ISAE-SUPAERO in 2023, our home-to-work journeys accounted for almost 5.5% of the establishment’s emissions. It is the 4^th largest source of emissions. This is why it has been essential to act on this lever and reduce the individual use of cars.

At ISAE-SUPAERO, we have commissioned a mobility diagnostic to be carried out in 2022, in order to understand the commuting habits of our students and staff.

Our Figures

Our Institute’s staff is fairly active, with 38% of home-to-work journeys being made by bicycle (along with 37% by car, 12% by public transportation, and 2% by carpooling). These figures reinforce our determination to take action and promote soft mobility on our campus.

Our Soft Alternatives

The first alternative to the individual use of the internal combustion engine car that we can encourage is cycling. As our Institute is located close to the Canal du Midi, it is very easy to get to by bike, scooter, or rollerblade. To encourage the use of bicycles, our school offers a number of facilities (over 500 bicycle parking spaces, repair points, showers, etc.), training in the use of bicycles and road safety by bicycle, etc.

As cycling and transportation are not always the best options for some staff members, in January 2022 our Institute installed 8 charging points for electric cars, each with 2 charging points, enabling 16 electric vehicles to be charged.

Encouraging Sustainable Travel on Our Campus

Our ISAE-SUPAERO campus, located close to the Canal du Midi, offers our staff and students the opportunity to cycle to work or class.

Today, our school has a fairly active cycling population, representing around 20% of staff and students. This figure can be explained by the layout of the campus, which includes a large bicycle parkade as well as numerous direct access points to the Canal du Midi, supporting cycling as a primary mode of transportation for campus-goers.

Allons-Y A Vélo

Our school takes part in the "AYAV" (Allons-Y A vélo) campaign, which offers companies the opportunity to challenge themselves for a week by encouraging as many of their employees as possible to cycle to work.

ISAE-SUPAERO was awarded 1^st Place in 2018.

The AYAV campaign was initiated in 2005 by the Association Vélo Toulouse, and is now organised twice a year, in winter and spring, by Deux Pieds Deux Roues and the Maison du Vélo. The campaign is run via a network of motivated representatives in companies, government departments, schools, and colleges in the Toulouse region.

Learn more

Together with our catering service provider, Elior, we have introduced a number of measures aimed at achieving sustainable catering on our campus:

waste sorting,
regular measurement of food waste,
a vegetarian menu offered every day.

Towards More Carbon-Free Menus

Vegetarian dishes for people who prefer to eat without meat or fish are served daily and are chosen by almost 35% of visitors of the campus catering service. Offering vegetarian options has a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions, given that a vegetarian meal emits almost 14 times less than a meal with red meat.

In 2024, ISAE-SUPAERO and Elior have experimented with an even more assertive approach to decarbonisation with the 'Good & Green' project!

The Ecological Transition at ISAE-SUPAERO

The ecological transition is an important and growing issue on our campus, with the publication of the “Horizons” roadmap, which puts environmental issues at the heart of our school’s commitment. Against this backdrop of growing environmental awareness, our BDE’s environment department has been organising the annual ‘Green Campus Week’ since 2022.

A Week to Raise Awareness

During this week, our students and staff are invited to take part in workshops, conferences, and challenges. The aim of the week is to make participants aware of the ecological emergency and to show that it is possible to have a low-carbon lifestyle without falling into deprivation and frustration.

In 2024

Campus Green Week took place from January 8^th to 12^th. Lectures were held every evening. In particular, lectures by Arthur Keller, a specialist in systemic risks, and Julien Marcinkowski, an alumnus of ISAE-SUPAERO, attracted many participants. The challenges were also very popular with both students and faculty.

In 2025

Campus Green Week took place from January 20^th to 26^th.

Exploring, Sharing, Transforming

Last Updated On 03 September 2025

An Overview of Our International Transition Initiatives

On February 7^th and 8^th, ISAE-SUPAERO hosted the 'MEA - More Electric Aircraft' international conference, in collaboration with the 3AF (Association Aéronautique et Astronautique de France) and the SEE (Société de l'électricité, de l'électronique et des technologies de l'information et de la communication).

Some 260 professionals from industry, research, and agencies came together for an exciting event to share ideas, research results, and solutions linked to technological and future developments associated with more/all-electric aircraft. The transition to more electric aircraft, driven by the ambitious goal of reducing carbon emissions from civil aviation to zero by 2050, is a growing challenge for industry and society.

For 2 days, the community came together on campus through conferences, two poster sessions, and an exhibition to promote innovations and new technologies for electric aircraft.

Some key figures:

260 visitors.
15 countries represented.
80 companies and universities.
more than 160 manufacturers.

Student Delegation to the Ministry of Ecological Transition

One of the objectives of our Institute is to strengthen the link between the public sphere and its students to help them learn about the institutions and mechanisms of political decision-making.

To this end, a delegation of students attended the roundtable organised by Clément Beaune, Minister Delegate for Transport, at the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion on the fringes of the opening of the Paris Air Show.

The debate on the future of air transportation brought together: Bertrand Piccard for the Solar Impulse Foundation, Augustin de Romanet for the ADP Group, Diane Strauss for Transport et Environnement, and a student from the ISAE Group. Our students were able to express their vision of the future of the sector at the opening of the debates and to exchange views with the Minister following the event.

Morning Debate at ISAE-SUPAERO Initiated by Members of Parliament

In September, as part of the study days on decarbonising aviation, ISAE-SUPAERO opened its campus to the French National Assembly's Aeronautics and Space group for a morning debate.

'Decarbonising Aviation: Who's Got the Energy?' brought together local elected representatives, members of parliament, industrialists, associations, journalists, and students for a series of roundtables at which Marwan Lahoud, Chairman of the ISAE-SUPAERO Board of Directors, and Laurent Joly, Director of the Institute for Sustainable Aviation (ISA), spoke alongside various public and private players.

The event was opened by the group's two co-presidents, Christine Arrighi and Cécile Rilhac, Olivier Lesbre, Director General of ISAE-SUPAERO, and Joseph Risson, a 3rd-year engineering student and winner of the 2023 Lopez-Loreta Foundation prize for his start-up Viraj H₂.

On November 22^nd, 2023, as part of the 40^th anniversary of the Académie de l'Air et de l'Espace, the AAE and ISAE-SUPAERO organised a meeting on the theme of the future of aviation: motorisation and decarbonisation.

Innovation Rendezvous

On September 22^nd, 2022, ISAE-SUPAERO and ENAC organised 'Les Rendez-vous de l'Innovation.' Against a backdrop of urgent climate change, where the issue of air transportation is omnipresent, the two higher education establishments decided to bring together innovation players to discuss a forward-looking theme: 'Thinking and Building the future of Air Transportation Together.'

The public was invited to attend a number of roundtables, conferences, and demonstrations to find out about the changes underway in the air transportation sector and to talk to the major players in the field about how research and innovation are working to support this transformation.

Continuing Education: the First Cap H2 Class Certified

In June 2022, ISAE-SUPAERO, Capgemini Engineering, and EUROSAE launched Cap H2, the first continuing education course in France to lead to certification in hydrogen technologies applicable to aviation.

The Cap H2 course was developed in partnership with Capgemini and EUROSAE, under the teaching responsibility of Yves Gourinat for ISAE-SUPAERO.

Our Institute's objective is to enhance the skills of professionals in the field of aircraft cryotechnical systems. By the end of the course, students learned how to specify an architecture, open up certification avenues, and identify the main technological obstacles. The first class consisted of 72 Capgemini Engineering employees, who received their certificates on June 29^th, 2023.

Given the success of this experiment and the very positive feedback from the first class, ISAE-SUPAERO, Capgemini Engineering, and EUROSAE have decided to open up Cap H2 to all manufacturers in the aeronautics sector for the start of the 2023 academic year.

This is a successful collaboration between three leading players in aeronautics training, who have combined their strengths to create a unique programme.

The Shift Project* and the Supaero Décarbo collective, made up of some twenty engineering graduates from the classes of 2000 and 2001, have published their report on the decarbonisation of the aviation sector called 'Being Able to Fly in 2050: What Kind of Aviation in a Constrained World?'

Based on a scenario-based analysis of aviation emissions trajectories between now and 2050, the study attempts to shed light on the following questions: (1) how can we act today to continue flying tomorrow, in a constrained world? and (2) how can we steer the aviation sector towards trajectories that are compatible with climate issues and less dependent on fossil fuel supplies?

October 2^th, 2020

By being invited to the virtual seminar organised by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) named 'CO2 Emissions Reductions in the Aviation Sector' and to the third edition of the Space Forum La Tribune, our Institute, through the intermediary of Marie-Hélène Baroux (then Deputy Director and Head of Sustainable Development) was able to debate and present its research and training in energy transition and Earth observation for climate to decision-makers in the aeronautical and space sectors. An ICAO international seminar aimed at finding solutions for the use of sustainable fuel, at which manufacturers, institutions, and research bodies specialising in the environment took part, allowed attendees to discuss and present their work on the implementation of innovative solutions.

In 2019, our former President, Olivier Lesbre, signed the manifesto issued by The Shift Project. Recent work on teaching climate and energy issues in higher education has revealed a strong desire on the part of the higher education community and students for an organised educational response to climate issues.

More than 80 heads of higher education institutions and 1,000 professors, leading a list of some 7,500 signatories, have launched an appeal to the French government to 'initiate a transition strategy for higher education that positions climate change as the number one emergency.'

Meeting Environmental Challenges

Last Updated On 03 September 2025

Development of a Method for Quantifying the Impact of Research Projects on the Environment

In 2024, our DRRP teams at ISAE-SUPAERO developed a method for quantifying the impact of research projects on the environment.

To assess the ambition of our research projects in the transition to a sustainable society, a working group designed a metric that revealed that more than a third (35%) of the research projects conducted at our Institute have a significant impact on the environment.

Our methodology measures all current projects and provides a concrete basis for work, even if it is not yet applicable to all areas of research.

Our tool is available to other interested research laboratories and establishments and takes the form of a questionnaire divided into three themes:

the direct environmental impact of the project,
the environmental issues addressed,
any strategies and solutions implemented to reduce environmental impact.

Find out more

The important thing is to show how environmental and sustainable development issues have evolved from year to year.

Grégoire Casalis Dean of Research and Educational Resources

The Mermoz Challenge: a Pilotless, Zero-Emission Aircraft to Cross the South Atlantic

In January 2023, the first hydrogen gas-powered demonstrator, developed by ISAE-SUPAERO in partnership with H3 DYNAMICS, successfully completed its first radio-controlled flight on the runway of the Muret aeromodelling club.

This marks a major milestone in the development of this future lightweight electric drone, which is fully autonomous and emits no CO2 in flight.

The project was initiated in 2018 by our team of ISAE-SUPAERO researchers led by Professor Jean-Marc Moschetta.

Find out more

The aim of this exploit is to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of this aircraft, powered electrically by an energy package combining a fuel cell and a photovoltaic panel, capable of flying very long distances and light enough to enter the French certification category for out-of-sight (BVLOS) flights. The next key stage of the project is to develop a version of the drone powered by liquid hydrogen.

Jean-Marc Moschetta Professor

AeroMAPS, a Decision-Making Tool for Air Transportation Transition

What impact should each air transportation transition strategy have?

This is the question our AeroMAPS project sets out to answer. AeroMAPS aims to develop open source tools to explore and assess the sustainability of transition scenarios for air transportation. In particular, the goal is to build an integrated sectoral assessment model that includes technological, environmental, economic, and societal considerations. More concretely, it would make it possible, for example, to assess the impact of transition strategies (hydrogen aircraft, flight quotas, etc.) on CO2 emissions, ticket prices, and usage. Our project is part of the Institute for Sustainable Aviation (ISA) because of its multidisciplinary nature.

Our project currently comprises of two tools:

A Tool to Facilitate Decision-Making and Contribute to Public Debate

In addition to our research and training activities, this project seeks to facilitate decision-making for institutional, industrial, and association decision-makers in the aeronautics ecosystem. More broadly, AeroMAPS is a way for us at ISAE-SUPAERO to contribute to the public debate on the place of aviation in our society.

Learn more

ISA – Institute for Sustainable Aviation

Created in 2021 on the initiative of internationally renowned academic institutions with longstanding academic expertise in the field of aeronautics and air transportation, the ISA is an institute dedicated to the challenges of aviation’s transition to sustainability.

More Than 20 Research Projects

ISA is conducting some 20 research projects on fleet renewal, changes in passenger demand, the adoption of new technologies and pricing, the elasticity of demand, the economic trajectory and life-cycle analysis of sustainable aviation fuel production processes, and the impact of the Air Passenger Transport Tax.

Find out more about ISA

Our High-Impact Projects

On January 20^th, 2020, the IMOTHEP project (Investigation and Maturation of Technologies for Hybrid Electric Propulsion), funded by the European Commission as part of Horizon 2020, was officially launched in Brussels. ISAE-SUPAERO is one of 33 industrial and academic partners in the IMOTHEP consortium led by ONERA, whose aim is to assess the potential of hybrid electric propulsion to reduce emissions from commercial aviation and to build the European technological roadmap for its development. Our researchers from the Aerodynamics, Energy and Propulsion Department (DAEP) will be taking part in this project and will be contributing to the work on aeropropulsion integration, in particular the modelling of thrusters and the design of air inlets for breakthrough configurations.

ISAE-SUPAERO is taking part in HERA (Hybrid Electric Regional Aircraft), one of the European research projects on decarbonising aviation. HERA aims to identify hybrid-electric regional aircraft concepts flying over typical distances of less than 500 kilometres that can meet climate challenges.

The aim is to evaluate the key technologies and architectures in order to offer a range of regional-interurban transport by the 2030s.

ISAE-SUPAERO is involved in studies on the overall optimised design of the aircraft with a particular focus on the integration of high aspect ratio wings and thermal management solutions. This activity will enable the extension of projects already carried out by the aircraft design and flight dynamics team of the Aerospace Vehicle Design and Control Department (DCAS), such as the Clean Sky U-HARWARD project.

Air Conditioning Systems For Future Carbon-Free Aircraft: ISAE-SUPAERO and Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse Join Forces

Adapting transportation to carbon-free energies requires major changes in systems architecture. On aircraft, many sub-systems, such as propulsion units or air conditioning packs, are affected. The turbomachinery that makes up these systems must be adapted: in the electrification process, the operating range required for turbines and compressors must be increased beyond the current state of the art while offering high efficiency. This is the aim of the CASTOR Chair. It is a joint research programme between Liebherr-Aerospace and ISAE-SUPAERO, supported by the ANR. A team of twelve people will lead the scientific programme over a four-year period, divided between the DAEP laboratory and the company.

The primary objective is to help meet the electrification requirements of aircraft air conditioning systems. However, the research carried out will also contribute to the development of more efficient fuel cells or heat recovery cycles. In the long term, it is aimed at the emergence of new turbomachinery system architectures, which could be beneficial in other industrial sectors.

Impact of Climate Change on Aviation (ICCA)

Project Leader: Nicolas Gourdain (DAEP)

Antenne Plasma du DEOS - Bâtiment 7 - ISAE-SUPAERO - Toulouse - 10/02/2022

The objective of the ClimateFly project is to translate the uncertainties over the atmospheric variables impacted by climate change and over the aircraft's engine and aerodynamic characteristics into a quantified estimate of the reduction in the aircraft's maximum authorised load to satisfy the take-off phase.

The ensemble propagation of uncertainties will make it possible to quantify, for example, a number of days of weight restrictions in different regions of the world and for different levels of global warming: 1.5°C and 2°C (target set in the Paris agreements), or 3°C or 4°C for more pessimistic scenarios which must nevertheless be considered in a risk estimation approach.

The advantage of this approach is that it presents a summary result for the different emission scenarios and over the decades up to 2100. This so-called direct strategy will be supplemented by an inverse strategy, which consists of identifying the values and uncertainties of the input variables in order to comply with a constraint on the output variables.

ECoDesigning Tomorrow's Optimal Aerostructures

Project Leader: Joseph Morlier (DMSM)

This cross-disciplinary and collaborative work covers the field of optimal design of materials/structures, but also of processes via lifecycle analysis and the CO2 impact assessment of the process (including type of transportation, place of manufacture, recyclability, etc.) as well as reasoned/optimised high-performance computing.

Construction Of Novel CERTification methOds and means of compliance for disruptive technologies

Project Leader: Joël Jézégou (DCAS)

The CONCERTO project aims to develop draft certification regulations for innovative clean aviation architectures such as SMR, HER, or H2 aircraft, and to experiment with solutions for digitalising the certification process.

ISAE-SUPAERO is heavily involved in steering the risk analysis work package for existing certification regulations and investigating gaps. In addition, the Institute is making a significant contribution to the work packages defining generic concepts for hydrogen-powered aircraft and drafting certification regulations.

Environmentally Responsible Recycling of Ti6Al4V chips From the Aerospace Industry

Project Leader: Kamel Moussaoui (DMSM)

The objectives of the RECoTIA project are to improve the recycling stages for Ti6AI4V chips, to obtain decontaminated aerospace-grade chips, and then to recover the chips for additive manufacturing.

The role of ISAE-SUPAERO:
- additive manufacturing processes,
- mechanical and metallurgical characterisation.

Our Innovative Chairs Focusing on Environmental Issues

For several years now, we have been working closely with the major players in the aeronautics industry to find appropriate responses to current issues in terms of the ecological transition. With the help of the ISAE-SUPAERO Foundation, several training and research Chairs have been created to work on new air transportation concepts and propose innovative solutions to reduce ecological impact.

The CEDAR Chair (Chair for Eco-Design of Aircraft)

The CEDAR Chair, launched with AIRBUS in 2013 and renewed in 2019 and 2024, aims to provide a response to the environmental issues facing the aeronautical sector.

The aim of our Chair is to define disruptive concepts for air transportation by introducing innovative technologies right from the aircraft design stage. The main pillar of our Chair incorporates a more global approach to environmental engineering, and are primarily aimed at raising awareness and educating our future aeronautical engineers in sustainable development in the air transportation sector.

The AEGIS Chair (Aero EnGine Innovative Studies)

The AEGIS Chair, developed with SAFRAN since 2016, is based around a research programme on innovative propulsion architecture concepts that will equip the next generations of aircraft.

The aim of this Chair is to reduce the environmental footprint of aircraft propulsion by cutting pollutant and noise emissions.

The ISAAR Chair (Innovation Solutions for CS-23 Aircraft Architecture and Regulation)

The ISAAR Chair, created with DAHER in 2019, aims to conduct research into the design and certification of light aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion.

Our Chair’s research focuses on three areas:

Reducing the environmental impact of aviation, especially by hybridising on-board energy sources and exploring innovative aircraft architectures and operating modes,
Understanding society’s needs in terms of mobility and formalising and modelling these needs to enable us to design the type of operations and aircraft that can meet them,
Certification of these new architectures, incorporating the new regulatory approach introduced by the aviation safety authorities for CS-23 category aircraft. In particular, this approach will encourage the introduction of innovations in aircraft while guaranteeing the high level of safety required in aviation.

Viraj H2

Co-founded in 2023 by two students, an engineering student from ISAE-SUPAERO and a graduate of Polytech Lille, Viraj H2 is a start-up housed in our ISAE-SUPAEO incubator, InnovSpace.

The company is developing a hybrid powertrain combining a fuel cell and a turbo-prop with heat and steam recovery.

In 2023, Viraj H2 was awarded the Lopez-Loreta Foundation prize of €1 million. This gave us the means to move from a low-power prototype to a structured research and development phase within three partner laboratories.

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Training for the Future

Last Updated On 10 September 2025

1,363

ECTS awarded on subjects related to sustainable development subjects in 2021 within the "Diplôme d'ingénieur ISAE-SUPAERO"

3,000

ECTS projected to be awarded on subjects related to sustainable development in 2026 within the "Diplôme d'ingénieur ISAE-SUPAERO"

Details of Elected Representatives

Our Sustainable Development Courses

Our "Diplôme d'ingénieur ISAE-SUPAERO"

1st year

Core Curriculum

Back to School with a Climate Theme (Climate Fresk): a fun and creative workshop on climate change. The aim is to challenge, raise awareness, and get students to interact in a situation of collective intelligence.

'Transition, Environment and Society' Block (TES): helps students to identify current and future environmental and social challenges, and understand the links between the sciences and the need for a systemic approach to the world. It's an opportunity to develop the critical thinking needed to tackle these issues.

The TES Project: a project that puts students in the shoes of consultants tasked with thinking about technology and its uses in a societal context for technologies in sectors such as AI, energy, the environment, transportation, space, etc.

Current Elective Modules

Aviation and Climate,
Ecodesign,
Energy Transition: The Engineer's Role
Physics of Orders of Magnitude for a World in Transition,
Wind Propulsion.

2nd year

Core Curriculum

Introduction to Environmental Issues: the aim of this course is to help educate engineers who are aware of their role in the ecological transformation of our society to put society on a sustainable path. To achieve this, the course aims to:

provide the factual elements needed to understand the current environmental situation and the mechanisms that have led to it; and
encourage students to take up these issues.

'Transition, Environment, and Society' Block: Following the 1^st year core curriculum, students will be trained in environmental engineering tools and levers for transition in order to be able to identify the relevant tools and levers to become a player in the transition as an engineer.

Current Elective Modules

Circular Economy,
Climate Impact of Aviation: Current Situation and Outlook,
Sustainable Development Goals.

3rd year

Areas of Application

Energy, Transportation, and the Environment

Over the next thirty years, energy demand associated with transportation is set to grow the most. Against this backdrop, there are huge challenges to be met if energy production, consumption, and transportation development are to be brought in line with the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Hybrid and non-conventional technologies are emerging as effective solutions to these challenges, but they have to fit into a sometimes complex economic, regulatory, and social environment. This area of application includes courses on energy, climate, economics, and ecology.

Aircraft Design and Operation

In the Air Transportation System Transition pathway, students focus on assessing the environmental impact of aircraft and the air transportation system. For example, students may estimate the environmental effects of technological solutions (energy carriers, new aircraft and operations, etc.) and non-technological solutions (economic, carbon offsetting, sobriety, etc.) by simulating transition scenarios for air transportation. This makes it possible to estimate the viability of these solutions and quantify their impact on the aviation sector, various stakeholders, and society at large.

Generally Speaking...

Other modules are available to choose from in 1^st and 2^nd year, such as:

Nature, man, ecology,
Life, the living, and living in a time of biological crises,
Environmental ethics.

This course is on the design and analysis of transition scenarios for the air transportation sector.

This course is an introduction to ecodesign: choosing materials with the environment in mind. Faced with current and future ecological and economic issues, directives, and the demands of society, it is necessary to minimize the impact on the environment from the design phase of products, whether it be goods or services.
The aim of this course is, on one hand, to present the issues, the different approaches, and the tools for ecodesign. On the other hand, the course seeks to study sources of energy and identify those that are renewable with their exploitation or transformation.

The aim of this module is to extend our students' know-how to an area of fluid mechanics that is a source of innovation: wind propulsion. This field is currently the focus of developments aimed at performance and/or sustainability. For example, competition sailboats made of a rigid wing and foils fly at the water/air interface. This extremely high-performance mode of travel gives rise to problems of dynamic stability, which are a natural extension of the aeronautical field. These new developments are also being applied to merchant ships with hybrid propulsion to meet the challenge of the increasing scarcity of fossil fuels through wind propulsion.

Since the industrial revolution and the massive exploitation of fossil fuels, the economy has neglected the physical limits of the earth. The depletion of resources and climate change are forcing us to reintegrate these limits to enable the emergence of a sustainable society according to the 17 UN objectives. Engineers have a key role to play in raising awareness of this issue and contributing to the developments needed to change society's trajectory. This course provides the practical tools needed to design the transition to a sustainable world: estimation techniques, physics of orders of magnitude, and critical thinking (reasoning, prototyping, modelling, integrating the limits of models).

This course enables students to acquire a holistic vision of the solutions for reducing the environmental impact of the 3 areas of a circular economy and discover the methods and tools for reducing the impact of the 7 pillars.

Today, we know that industry and engineers in particular have a vital role to play in the energy and environmental transition!

Laurent Michel Head of "Ingénieur ISAE-SUPAERO" programme (MSc)

Our "Diplôme d'ingénieur de spécialité" Industrial Engineering for Aeronautics and Space - by Apprenticeship Programme

1st year

Core curriculum
- Sustainable Development and CSR

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the way in which companies take into account environmental, social and ethical issues in their activities.

2nd year

The Fabric of the Future: Challenges and Issues

The aim of this course is to make students aware of the importance of the challenges facing industrial systems in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. These include the digitisation of the factory, factory flexibility and production configurability, and new logistics and simulation tools. The goal is to design a factory that saves energy and raw materials.

3rd year

Avionics and Embedded Systems option
Energy Systems and Materials option

More generally, the issues of eco-responsibility and energy efficiency in the aerospace sector are addressed in various technical courses throughout the programme via the concepts of eco-design, optimisation, lifecycle analysis, recycling and recyclability of materials, etc.

The Climate Fresk and Collective Intelligence

The tone is set every autumn: our 1^st year students are invited to take part in a fun and creative workshop on the environment. The aim is to find and explain the links between cause and effect in order to build a real 'fresk' of climate change.

Created by Cédric Ringenbach, a passionate engineer who teaches energy-climate issues in higher education, the Climate Fresk is an educational tool that articulates the IPCC's conclusions to provide a better understanding of the components of climate disruption and its systemic dimension.

Learn more

Our Challenge for the Environmental Transition

Last Updated On 02 September 2025

At ISAE-SUPAERO, environmental issues are at the heart of our commitment.

At ISAE-SUPAERO, our commitment to a sustainable society is reflected in the concrete mobilisation of our teaching and scientific skills in support of environmental transitions. We are actively working to invent the low-carbon air transportation of the future, in close conjunction with our teaching and research mission.

Our roadmap for sustainable development, known as Horizons, structures our actions around five major themes:

Educating engineers and scientists who are aware of the ecological challenges.
Research and innovation for sustainable technologies.
Act for the transition by accompanying changes in industry and society.
Adapting our campus to make it an exemplary, resilient place.
Making a lasting commitment by involving our entire community in a collective approach.

This strategic framework is supported by a clear and ambitious manifesto, reflecting our desire to act responsibly. Our students' growing awareness of environmental issues, illustrated by their involvement in numerous dedicated projects and courses, strengthens our determination.

Lastly, since 2019, our annual carbon footprint has enabled us to quantify our impact and define priorities for action to significantly reduce our emissions.

With Horizons, ISAE-SUPAERO confirms its position as a committed player in sustainable aeronautics.

Emilie Tota Deputy Director

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Last Updated On 22 July 2025

ISAE-SUPAERO develops a methodology to quantify the environmental impact of its research projects

Last Updated On 16 July 2025

How can the impact of research on the environment be quantified?

ISAE-SUPAERO’s Research Department has commissioned a working group of teacher-researchers to look into this question. Nicolas Gourdain (DAEP), Scott Delbecq, Thomas Planès and Annafederica Urbano (DCAS) have just developed a methodology to quantify the contribution of the Institute’s research projects to sustainable development and the environment.

“Our approach has been to establish a metric to enable us to quantify the Institute’s subjects that have an impact on sustainable development. As far as we know, there was no such metric at European level,” points out Grégoire Casalis, Director of Research. And this is despite the fact that funding for research projects is often linked to their positive impact on the environment.

35% of research topics linked to sustainable aerospace

The evaluation carried out at ISAE-SUPAERO revealed the strong impact of its research on environmental issues. In fact, more than a third (35%) of the projects carried out in 2024 are linked to the transition towards sustainable aerospace.

“What’s also important to note is that the other projects are not destructive: some have low environmental ambitions, while the others (often more related to upstream research) are not concerned by the issue”, explains Grégoire Casalis.

This assessment will be repeated every year for all the Institute’s teaching researchers. “The important thing is to show how the importance of environmental issues and sustainable development changes from year to year,” concludes Grégoire Casalis.

The Institute now wants to make this tool available to other research laboratories.

“The methodology we have used may not be adaptable to all areas of research, but it does provide a basis on which to work,” explains Ludmila Namolovan, Deputy Director of Research, who led the working group.

A single questionnaire for a wide range of subjects

The evaluation method developed at ISAE-SUPAERO takes the form of a questionnaire divided into three themes: the direct environmental impact of the research project; the environmental issues addressed; and any strategies and solutions implemented to reduce the environmental impact.

A coefficient is assigned to each question and an overall mark is given to the project based on the answers provided. “As the research topics carried out within the Institute are very diverse, we had to develop questions that could be adapted to each of them”, explain the teacher-researchers who are members of the working group. “We also had to take into account the fact that some subjects have a direct impact on the environment, while others have a more indirect impact.

To obtain a result that is representative of the wide range of work being carried out at ISAE-SUPAERO, the methodology measures all current projects and each research project is given a coefficient of 1, regardless of its importance (financial, partnership, etc.).

The teacher-researchers in the working group also took care to develop the most reliable evaluation methodology possible. “As the aim is to assess the ambition of each research project, we have favoured a self-evaluation by the researchers, with spontaneous responses.”

This self-assessment also enables all the researchers to raise their own awareness, particularly with regard to the actual drafting of research project proposals.

HORIZONS, ISAE-SUPAERO’s renewed sustainable development strategy

Last Updated On 08 July 2025

Making a Lasting Commitment to New Horizons

Our Manifesto

Our "Horizons" roadmap

Engineers Must Take Part in Public Debate and Exercise Their Role as Citizen-Engineers

The Ecological Transition is the Major Challenge Facing the Aerospace Industry

ISAE-SUPAERO is Making a Long-Term Commitment Today

Deepening Our Thinking on Transitions

Our Commitment: ‘Horizons’

Our Three Objectives

Our Strong Commitments

Our 'Horizons' Roadmap

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ISA – Institute for Sustainable Aviation

More Than 20 Research Projects

Our High-Impact Projects

The IMOTHEP Project

The European HERA Project

The CASTOR Project

The CLIMATEFLY Project

The ECODD Project

The CONCERTO Project

The RECoTIA Project

Our Innovative Chairs Focusing on Environmental Issues

The CEDAR Chair (Chair for Eco-Design of Aircraft)

The AEGIS Chair (Aero EnGine Innovative Studies)

The ISAAR Chair (Innovation Solutions for CS-23 Aircraft Architecture and Regulation)